多维度视角下青少年抑郁症患者的亲子关系研究

A Multi-dimensional Study on Parent-child Relationships of Depressed Adolescents

本研究运用质性研究方法,通过对昆明某医院精神科11名青少年抑郁症患者的深入访谈,从亲子关系内涵的三个维度——情感维度、权力维度和人际沟通维度分析青少年抑郁症患者的亲子关系。研究发现,青少年抑郁症是其应对压力的一种方式,其形成机制是青少年个体发展中的人格缺点、不良人际关系（亲子关系、师生关系和同伴关系）以及社会转型过程遭遇的各种压力综合作用的结果,本研究初步阐述了青少年抑郁症患者亲子关系＂非亲化＂的嬗变过程。本研究还基于抑郁青少年的视角,从青少年个体成长、青少年的人际关系和社会转型等多个维度,提出了青少年抑郁症的产生过程中的＂多重失去＂的核心概念;发现青少年抑郁症患者的亲子关系与抑郁症之间存在双向作用。最后,本研究提出了从社会工作角度预防青少年抑郁症和促进青少年抑郁症患者康复的对策和建议。

Based on in-depth interviews with 11 teenagers who suffered from depression in psychiatric units of a hospital in Kunming,this study finds three dimensions of parentchild relationships including emotion,power and interpersonal. First of all,this study aims to discuss the internal and external impact of parent-child relationships on the youth’s perspectives. The analysis focuses on the growth of adolescent individuals,the formation of their interpersonal relationships and the social transformation. Secondly,the study analyzes main causes of adolescent depression,including individual imperfection of one’s character,less active interactions between child and parents,the student and teachers,their peers as well as the influence of social transformation. Hence,the key concept of"multi-loss"is proposed through this study. It means the loss of love in growth,the self-esteem in personal relationships,the values of life in social reform,and energy in physiological functions,etc.This study also discusses the relations between parent-child relationships and adolescent depression.It shows that while poor relationships cause the disease,the depression also improves the relationships. Finally,the study offers valuable suggestions for the prevention and rehabilitation of depression from the perspective of social work.