英烈权益诉讼中的诉讼实施权配置问题研究——兼论保护英雄烈士人格利益的路径抉择

On the Allocation of the Right to Sue for the Personal Interests of Heroes and Martyrs:Also on the Way to Protect the Personal Interests of Heroes and Martyrs

英烈权益诉讼属于死者权益诉讼的特殊类型,英烈近亲属不仅享有私益性诉讼实施权,也享有公益性诉讼实施权,其提起的英烈权益诉讼属于私益诉讼与公益诉讼融合的情形。检察机关对侵害英烈权益的行为提起民事公益诉讼应当遵循谦抑原则,英烈没有近亲属或者英烈近亲属不行使公益性诉讼实施权的,检察机关才具备行使公益性诉讼实施权的条件。相对于司法保护途径而言,英烈权益的行政保护更为及时和高效,检察机关应当确立"行政公益诉讼优先于民事公益诉讼"的办案原则,并通过诉前程序督促行政机关依法履行职责。

Litigation for the personal interests of heroes and martyrs is a special type of litigations for the rights and interests of the dead. In the litigation for the personal interests of heroes and martyrs,close relatives may propose litigation requests to protect social public interests and their own private interests. The procuratorial organs should follow the principle of modesty to bring civil public interest litigation against the infringement of the rights and interests of heroes and martyrs,and the procuratorial organs bring a lawsuit,can the procuratorial organ bring civil public interest litigation. Compared with the mode of judicial protection,the administrative protection mode is more timely and efficient. The procuratorial organs should establish the principle of ＂administrative public interest litigation precedence to civil public interest litigation＂,and urge the administrative organs to perform their duties according to law through the pre litigation procedure.