铁碳微电解技术在难治理废水中的研究进展

Recent advances on iron-carbon micro-electrolysis technology for refractory wastewater

铁碳微电解技术具有处理效率高、操作方便、占地面积小、原材料廉价和适用范围广等优点。但在机理研究以及具体的实际应用过程中,仍存在一些问题有待解决。因此,本文综合分析了铁碳微电解技术去除难治理废水中污染物的过程和机理,指出微电解作用机理的定量化及耦合关系是一个重要研究方向。在应用研究方面,目前主要存在两个问题:(1)微电解材料的板结和钝化问题;(2)如何提高微电解工艺适用的p H范围。本文从材料合成和反应器的改进方面进行分析,针对前者问题,提出可采用纳米技术以及高温烧结技术合成新型微电解材料,以及采用流化床和内循环微电解反应器也可解决该问题;针对后者问题,提出可改性微电解材料,以及在微电解反应器上外加电场和采用臭氧曝气微电解。最后,系统总结了该技术在印染废水、垃圾渗沥液、制药废水和重金属废水的应用概况。

The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis technology has obvious advantages, such as high efficiency, ease of operation, less area requirement and cheap raw materials, and has a broad application prospect as well. But there are still some problems remaining to be solved for the mechanism research and practical application. Therefore, the removal mechanism of contaminant from refractory wastewater was comprehensively analyzed. The quantification and coupling relationship of the micro-electrolysis functional mechanism is an important research direction. There are still two major problems in the applied research. The first is agglomeration and passivation of the material. The second is how to improve the applicable p H range of micro-electrolysis. Synthesis of materials and improvement of the reactor were systematically analyzed in this paper. For the former problem, the nanotechnology and high-temperature sintering process could be applied to synthesize new material, and the employment of fluidized bed and internal circulation micro-electrolysis reactor were the solution to the problem. For the latter, modification of the micro-electrolysis material, and employment of electric assist and ozone aeration were the solution. Finally, research and application of the technology were also systematically summarized in dye wastewater, landfill leachate, pharmaceutical wastewater and heavy metal wastewater.