教育政策的制定过程研究——以《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010～2020年)》为例

Research on the Process of Educational Policy Making：A Case Study of the Process of “Long-term Reform and Development Plan for National Education（2010-2020）”

政策制定过程是利益相关者偏好表达和诉求实现的过程,同时也是公共资源权威分配的过程。本文以《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010~2020年）》的制定过程为研究对象,对这一政策制定过程中的议程设置、政策形成和政策合法化三个阶段进行梳理和分析。研究发现,中国教育政策的议程设置是自上而下的过程,国家领导和权力精英发挥主导作用,政策起草小组实际掌握和主导政策制定过程,政策网络中的其他主体利益表达权利的保障还不够,政策的合法化过程对政策的权威性以及后期的执行、监督都会产生影响。

The process of policy making is the process of stakeholders＇ preference expression and appeal realization,and also the process of authoritative allocation of public resources.This paper took the policy making process of ＂Long-term Reform and Development Plan for National Education＂ as the research object,and analyzed the three stages which are policy agenda setting,policy formulation and the legalization of the policy during the policy making process.It found that China＇s education policy agenda setting is the top-down process,and the national leaders and the power elites play a leading role in the policy making process.The drafting team actually masters and leads the policy-making process.That the right of the other stakeholders in the policy network express their benefits is not guaranteed enough.The legitimization process of the policy will have an impact on its authority and its implementation,supervision in the later period.