论《三国演义》对道德的超越

Transcendence of Morality in Romance of the Three Kingdoms

从现实层面来看,《三国演义》具有十分浓厚的道德意识;但从审美层面看,《三国演义》却超越了道德的意识。在《三国演义》中恶可以为美,以曹操为代表;善也可以为丑,以刘璋为代表。在《三国演义》中一些著名的情节,如关羽华容道放曹操、刘备不顾一切为兄弟报仇其实也并不符合道德的标准。《三国演义》评判美丑的标准不在于善恶,而在于人物身上是否具有英雄之气,是否体现了个体感性生命的张扬。

From the perspective .f reality, Romance of the Three Kingdoms has a ve可由ong moral consciousness. However, from an aesthetic perspective, Romance of the Three Kingdoms is beyond the consciousness of morality. In Romαnee of the Three Kingdoms , the evil can be the beautiful, with Cao Cao as the rep而sentative; the good can also be the ugly, with Liu Zhang as the representative. Some famous plots in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, e. g. Guan Yu released Cao Cao, and Liu Bei revenged for the brothers regardless of all, actually do not conform to the moral standard. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the standard on the good and evil is not the good and evil it-self, but whether the character is heroic and individual emotional life can be reflected or not.