营养指导与饮食控制对妊娠期糖尿病的效果探讨

The Effect of Nutritional Guidance and Diet Control on Gestational Diabetes

目的探究妊娠期糖尿病患者接受营养指导与饮食控制干预的价值。方法方便选取该院产科门诊的妊娠期糖尿病患者120例,时间为2015年5月—2017年5月,计算机随机化抽取实施营养指导和饮食控制的妊娠期糖尿病患者60例为实验组,抽取因自身原因未能实施营养指导和饮食控制的妊娠期糖尿病患者60例为对照组,对比两组妊娠期糖尿病患者干预结果的差异性。结果两组GDM患者干预后的空腹血糖水平以及餐后2 h血糖水平均较干预前改善,其中实验组GDM患者空腹血糖水平(4.30±0.37)mmol/L、餐后2 h血糖水平(6.67±0.62)mmol/L明显低于对照组空腹血糖水平(4.80±0.75)mmol/L、餐后2 h血糖水平(7.35±0.81)mmol/L(t=4.631 1,P=0.000 1);(t=5.163 7,P=0.000 1);实验组产妇并发症几率(6.67%)明显低于对照组并发症几率(31.67%)(χ2=8.538 9,P=0.003);实验组新生儿并发症几率(8.33%)明显低于对照组并发症几率(28.33%)(χ2=8.014 8,P=0.005)。结论妊娠期糖尿病患者接受合理的营养指导以及饮食控制干预,能够有效对其血糖水平进行控制,减少其出现相关并发症的几率,对改善母婴结局有着积极的意义。

Objective This paper tries to explore the value of nutrition guidance and diet control intervention in gestational diabetes. Methods 120 patients with gestational diabetes at the obstetric clinic of the hospital were convenient selected from May 2015 to May 2017. Randomized computer-based extraction of gestational diabetes patients with nutritional guidance and dietary control was used as the experimental group. 60 patients with gestational diabetes who failed to implement nutritional guidance and dietary control were the control group, and the differences in intervention results between the two groups of gestational diabetes were compared. Results The fasting blood glucose level and 2 h postprandial blood glucose level of the two groups of GDM patients improved after intervention. The fasting blood glucose level（4.30±0.37）mmol/L and the postprandial 2 h blood glucose level（6.67±0.62）mmol/L in the experimental group GDM patients, was significantly lower than the fasting blood glucose level（4.80±0.75）mmol/L in the control group and（7.35±0.81） mmol/L in the postprandial 2 h（t=4.631 1, P=0.000 1）;（t=5.163 7, P=0.000 1）; the incidence of maternal complications（6.67%） in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group（31.67%）（χ2=8.538 9, P=0.003）; the probability of neonatal complications in the experimental group（8.33%） was significantly lower than the control group（28.33%）（χ2=8.014 8, P =0.005）. Conclusion The gestational diabetes patients receiving reasonable nutritional guidance and dietary control interventions can effectively control their blood glucose levels, reduce their risk of occurrence of related complications, and have positive significance for improving the outcome of mother and child.