企业女职工健康体检中乳腺疾病筛查结果相关因素分析与保健对策

Analysis of the related factors and health measures of breast disease screening in the health examination of female employees in enterprises

目的了解企业在职女职工健康体检中乳腺疾病患病情况。方法 2012年1 366名在职女职工的健康体检中,通过询问病史、月经及运动锻炼情况记录后,以物理检查、B超检查筛查乳腺疾病,探讨女性乳腺疾病结果构成情况分布,分析相关原因。结果 1 366名女职工中,乳腺增生患病率61.27%,乳腺实性结节患病率5.05%,囊性结节患病率1.17%,实性包块患病率0.15%;51~55岁的女职工患病率显著低于其他年龄段女职工(P<0.05);月经紊乱、体重指数≥24 kg/m2、锻炼较少的女职工患病率分别显著高于月经规律、体重指数<24 kg/m2、锻炼较多的女职工(P<0.05)。结论针对企业女职工乳腺疾病状况,应采取保健对策,减少乳腺疾病的发生。

Objective To understand the condition of breast disease in the health examination of female employees inenterprise. Methods In the health checkup of 1 366 active female employees in 2012, after inquired about medical history,menstruation and exercise, the breast disease was screened by physical examination and B-ultrasound examination. Thedistribution of the results of the female breast disease was discussed, and the related reasons were analyzed. Results Amongthe 1 366 female employees, the prevalence of breast hyperplasia was 61.27%, the prevalence of solid nodules was 5.05%, theprevalence of cystic nodules was 1.17%, and the prevalence of solid mass was 0.15%. The prevalence rate of female workersat the age of 51-55 was significantly lower than that of other age groups（P〈0.05）. The risk of illness in female employees withmenstrual disorders, body mass index≥24 kg/m2, less exercise was significantly higher than that in the female employees withregularity of menstruation, body mass index〈24 kg/m2, more exercise （P〈0.05）. Conclusion In response to the situation offemale patients with breast diseases, health measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of breast diseases.