现代汉语形副兼类词“不定”的历时考察

The diachronic study of multi-category words “Bu Ding” in modern Chinese

文章从历时的角度考察现代汉语"不定"形容词和副词两个义项的由来,认为形容词义项的"不定"是由动词结构演化为形容词结构,之后在高频使用下粘合成词。成词后又发生进一步粘合,从而"不定"成为"说不定"等词的词内成分。副词义项的"不定"并不是形容词"不定"语法转化而来的,而是由表否定义语素"不"与表必然义的语素"定"直接通过构词法组合而成的。

This article explores the origin of the adjectives and adverbs meanings of＂Bu Ding＂in modern Chinese from thediachronic angle.It is believed that the the adjective term of ＂Bu Ding＂is the structure of an adjective from the verb structure,then are glued into words at high frequency.Throught further bonding,the word＂uncertainty＂becomes the inner component of the word＂Ding＂.The adverb meaning of ＂uncertainty＂is not the grammaticalization of adjectives,but is made up of the combination of the negative morpheme ＂Bu＂and certain morpheme ＂Ding＂directly through the word combination.