移动激光雷达的瞬时三维构像方法

Instantaneous 3D Mapping Method Based on Mobile LiDAR

介绍了基于机器视觉的数字摄影测量智能化新方法:移动激光雷达瞬时三维构像方法。该方法作为移动激光雷达瞬时三维构像理论,解决了无GPS辅助的移动激光雷达自定位与瞬时构像问题,使移动激光雷达灵活应用在室内、室外等多种环境。首先,分析了瞬时构像方法与传统构像方法的不同,以及现有方法的可移植性;接着,给出了视准轴误差自定标方法、基于平整度的有效特征提取算法和快速优化平差算法,构建出移动激光雷达自定位与瞬时构像的核心技术框架;最后,通过3种不同环境构像试验验证本文方法的有效性和适应性。研究表明,该方法可应用在结构化环境与非结构化环境、室内与室外环境,可水平构像也可垂直构像,且无需后数据处理瞬时构像。

An instantaneous three-dimensional mapping method was presented for mobile LiDAR.This method has been applied to indoor,outdoor and other environments.As the new intelligent method of digital photogrammetry based on machine vision,it solved the basic problem of self-localization and simultaneous mapping of mobile LiDAR without GPS and high precision IMU.As results,the differences between the method and the traditional method were analyzed;the self-calibration method of bore-sight angle errors were studied;Effective feature extraction algorithm by planeness and incremental mapping strategy were proposed;and an optimal adjustment algorithm was modeled.Finally,the method was testified by three different environmental mapping experiments.The results show that the method is applicable in many kinds of environments,no matter of structured or unstructured environments,indoor,outdoor or woodland,and horizontal mapping or vertical mapping.Requiring no data post-processing,the method can do instantaneous mapping.