祠堂礼制与人群阶序:清水江下游的乡村社会

Ritual System in Ancestral Temple and Classification of People:the Rural Society in the Downstream of Qingshuijiang Area

宗族的考察和族谱研究是认识和了解中国乡村社会结构的重要路径之一。以清水江流域的祠堂修建活动为切入点,讨论不同身份的人群如何在特定的社会历史情境中,通过家谱世系的追述、英雄祖先的重构、祠堂修建等活动,将与"军户"祖先身份相关的入住权,以及象征正统身份的旗伞、高爵牌等文化再创造作为人群区分和认同的标帜,进以掌握地方政治文化资源。文章以社会空间的整体视野,通过对清水江流域典型村落新化地方社会的结构化进程以及社会形态的研究,以期拓宽西南区域社会研究的路径。

Research on Clan and genealogy is an important way to understand the social structure of rural area in China. From the aspect of the construction of ancestral temple, the author illustrates people’s recreating residency rights which are related to their ancestral military families, as well as orthodoxy cultural symbols like Qisan and Gaojue Card as marks to differentiate and identify different groups of people, so as to control local political and cultural resources, by tracing genealogy, reconstructing heroic ancestors and constructing ancestral temples. The article aims at exploring more ways for social study in Southwest region, through the study on the renewal social structured process of villages and social form.