基于Anylogic公共建筑物疏散研究

RESEARCH ON EVACUATION OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS BASED ON ANYLOGIC

公共建筑物火灾是火灾事故的重要组成部分,严重影响人员的生命财产安全,因此探究建筑物内人员疏散状况对保障人员安全有重大意义。选取典型公共建筑物,通过仿真软件Anylogic构建模型,模拟平时及危急情况下人员运动状态。由于疏散过程的复杂性,为验证Anylogic的准确性,引入蒙特卡洛法计算疏散时间。通过对比,两种方案的误差为3.7%,结果表明Anylogic能有效地模拟复杂的疏散行为。通过观察实验,人员的折返滞留现象是阻碍疏散的因素。虽然增加疏散出口能降低疏散时间,但随之出现的惯性行为不利于疏散出口的均匀化利用,疏散效率降低。针对问题提出相应合理化建议,以提高疏散效率。

Public buildings fire is an important part of a fire accident and seriously affects the life and property safety of personnel. Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the evacuation status of personnel in a building to ensure the safety of personnel. In this paper,typical public buildings were selected. Anylogic was used to build a model to simulate the movement of people in normal and critical situations. Due to the complexity of the evacuation process,in order to verify the accuracy of Anylogic,Monte Carlo method was introduced to calculate the evacuation time. By contrast,the error of the two schemes was 3. 7%,and the results showed that Anylogic effectively simulated the complex evacuation behavior. By observing the experiment,the phenomenon of reentry and retention of personnel was a factor impeding evacuation. Increasing the evacuation exit reduced the evacuation time,but the consequent inertial behavior was not conducive to the uniform utilization of evacuation outlets,and evacuation efficiency was reduced. The corresponding rationalization proposal was put forward to improve the evacuation efficiency.