大豆不育系源库关系对籽粒产量和单株皱粒率的影响

Effects of Source-sink Relationship of Soybean Sterile Line on Seed Yield and Wrinkled Seeds Percentage per Plant

为探究源库关系对大豆不育系籽粒产量和单株皱粒率的影响,选用高、中、低异交率的大豆不育系及其同型保持系为材料,通过测量叶片中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、淀粉以及籽粒的单株粒数、百粒重、单株粒重、单株皱粒百分比对鼓粒期3种不育系的源库特征进行比较分析。结果表明:高、中、低3种异交率不育系的可溶性蛋白含量、百粒重、单株皱粒百分比显著高于其同型保持系,单株粒数、单株粒重低于其同型保持系,且中异交率和低异交率不育系的可溶性糖和淀粉含量显著高于其同型保持系及高异交率不育系。较保持系而言不育系的源库间存在差异,且异交率越低的不育系,其源库差异越大。库容量小、可溶性糖和淀粉的输送障碍可能是大豆不育系皱粒率百分比高于保持系的原因,且3种不育系间存在异交率越低,其库容量的减少以及可溶性糖和淀粉的输送障碍越明显的现象。

In order to explore the effects of source-sink relationship of soybean sterile line on seed yield and wrinkled seeds percentage per plant, the soybean sterile lines with high, medium and low out-crossing rate and their homotypic maintainer lines were selected as materials. The source-sink characteristics of 3 soybean sterile lines in the seed filling stage were comparatively analyzed by measuring the content of soluble protein, soluble sugar and starch in leaves, seeds number per plant, 100- seed weight, seeds weight per plant, and wrinkled seeds percentage per plant. The results showed that the content of soluble protein, 100-seed weight and wrinkled seeds percentage per plant in sterile lines with high, middle and low out-crossing rate were significantly higher than that in their homotypic maintainer lines, but the seeds number per plant and seeds weight per plant in sterile lines were lower than that in their homotypic maintainer lines. Meanwhile, the content of soluble sugar and starch in soybean sterile line with medium and low out-crossing rate were significantly higher than that in their homotypic main- tainer lines and the high out-crossing rate of sterile line. There were differences between source-sink of sterile line compared with the homotypic maintainer lines, and the greater difference in the source-sink of the sterile line with the lower out-crossing rate. Small sink capacity, transportation obstacles of soluble sugar and starch were probably the reason why the wrinkled seeds percentage in soybean sterile line was higher than that in its homotypic maintainer line. In addition, there was the phenomenon that the lower of the out-crossing rate, the more obviously deereasement of its sink capacity and the transportation obstacles of soluble sugar and starch in 3 sterile lines.