不同蝽类为害对大豆生长发育及产量影响的差异性分析

Analysis on the Different Effects of Different Stinkbugs Infestations on Growth and Yield of Soybean

为明确不同类群蝽象为害对大豆生长发育及产量影响的差异性,本研究将筛豆龟蝽Megacopta cribraria Fabricius(龟蝽科Plataspidae)、苜蓿盲蝽Adelphocoris lineolatus Goeze(盲蝽科Miridae)、壁蝽Piezodorus rubrofasciatus Fabricius(蝽科Pentatomidae)、稻绿蝽Nezara viridula Linnaeus(蝽科Pentatomidae)、点蜂缘蝽Riptortus pedestris Fabricius(缘蝽科Coreidae)5种蝽象接在花荚期的健康大豆植株上,观察其刺吸为害对大豆生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明:不同类群蝽象为害对大豆植株的生长发育及产量均产生显著影响,在大豆开花结荚期短期为害即可对大豆豆荚生长产生较大影响。其中,不同蝽象种类为害大豆植株,株高、茎节数、单株荚粒数及百粒重等均表现出显著差异性。壁蝽、稻绿蝽和点蜂缘蝽的持续为害程度显著重于苜蓿盲蝽和筛豆龟蝽。这种差异与蝽象取食习性及其口器特征相关,其喙的长度及口针宽度与单株相对结荚率和产量均呈显著负相关。

In order to clarify the differences in the impact of different stinkbugs on the growth and yield of soybeans, Megacop- ta cribraria Fabricius（Plataspidae） ,Adelphocoris lineolatus Goeze（Miridae） ,Piezodorus rubrofasciatus Fabricius （ Pentatomid- ae） ,Nezara viridula Linnaeus（Pentatomidae） and Riptortus pedestris Fabricius（Coreidae） were inoculated on healthy soybean plants during the flowering period, and the effect of sucking damage on soybean growth and yield was observed. The results showed that different groups of stinkbugs damage had a significant effect on the growth and yield of soybean plants. The short- term damage at the flowering and podging stages of soybeans had a great impact on the growth of soybean pods. Among them, different kinds of stinkbugs damage on soybean had significant differences in plant height, number of stem nodes, number of grains per plant and 100-seed weight. The P. rubrofasciatus Fabricius, N. viridulaLinnaeus and R. pedestris Fabricius persistent damage were significantly greater than M. cribraria Fabricius and A. lineolatus Goeze. This difference was related to feeding habits and mouthparts characteristics of the stinkbugs, the length and width of the stinkbugs beak had a significant negative correlation with the relative strain rate and yield per plant.