奇幻文学的“三度区隔”问题研究--兼与赵毅衡先生商榷

A Study on the “Third-Degree Segregation” of Fantasy Literature:A Discussion with Zhao Yiheng

本文以"区隔框架"为关键词来探讨奇幻文学区隔的特殊性。奇幻文学有别于一般的小说,其在虚构二度区隔世界中隔出第三度区隔,这个虚构的奇幻世界三度偏离经验世界。三度区隔框架可以为具象存在,也可以隐形处理,它划出一个独立的虚构奇幻世界,具有独立规则,从而迫使启动新的解释元语言。虚构的现实世界和虚构的奇幻世界虽互不干扰,但也会出现相互交集,人物穿梭于两个世界,打破原有的文本边界,或违反原来世界的规则,从而导致区隔犯框。借用区隔理论来研究奇幻文学,能够更深刻地探究奇幻文学的表意与解释方式,同时,奇幻文学的特殊性构成又可以检验赵毅衡先生提出的"双层区隔"原则,扩大其内涵。因此本文在梳理区隔理论的同时,也尝试与赵毅衡先生商榷,希望能够与之形成对话。

Taking ＂Segregation frame＂ as a key word, this paper aims to explore the char- acteristic of the segregation frame of fantasy literature. Different from the non-fantasy no- vel, fantasy novel has the third-degree segregation within the second-degree segregation, which segregates a fictional fantastic world from the fictional realistic world. This fictional fantastic world three times departs from the experience world. The frame of the third-degree segregation can be visible or invisible in the novel, which frames an independent fictional world with its own rules so that the readers have to apply a new metalanguage to interpret it. The fictional realistic world and the fictional fantastic world are independent from each other, but with interval connections when characters go from one world to the other so as to break the frame or violate the rules of their own world. Adopting the theory of segregation can help to explore the signification and interpretation of fantasy literature in a more pro- found way, and test and enrich this theory itself. This paper, therefore, wishes to start a dialogue with Professor Zhao Yiheng on his theory of segregation.