对立与暴力:伊斯兰极端主义的特质刍议

Confrontation and Violence:Islamic Extremism's Features Revisited

学界对于伊斯兰极端主义特质的认识存在含混不清的问题,基于伊斯兰政治思想的视角对比伊斯兰极端派政治思想家和伊斯兰温和派政治思想家之间观点的异同,对厘清伊斯兰极端主义的概念及其特点具有重要的现实意义。本文通过分析埃及历史上四位重要伊斯兰政治思想家的主要观点,提出伊斯兰极端主义的核心特质是强调"真主主权"与现实世界的"对立性",鼓动"武装圣战"的"暴力性"则是实现这一目标的重要手段。因此,关于伊斯兰极端主义的讨论,也应当依据"对立性"和"暴力性"来予以定义和定性。

Existing discussion on Islamic extremism has not transcended the traditional paradigm which confuses Islamic doctrine,moderate political ideas and practical political practice. Comparing the ideas of Islamic extremist political thinkers and Islamic moderate political thinkers based on Islamic political thoughts,is of great practical significance to clarify the concept and characteristics of Islamism.By analyzing the main opinions of four important Islamic political thinkers of Egypt,this paper arguesthat the core features of the Islamic extremism are its highlighting the confrontation between the"Allah sovereignty"( hakimiyyah) via and the secular world. The violence they encourage is the important mean to achieve this goal. All discussions in this regard,should define the Islamic extremism based on the "confrontation"they encouraged and the "violence"they insisted.