禽白血病病毒在惠阳胡须鸡和汶上芦花鸡的垂直传播特性分析

Characteristic Analysis on Vertical Transmission of Avian Leukosis Virus in Huiyang Chicken and Wenshang Barred Chicken

旨在探明禽白血病病毒(ALV)在地方鸡种惠阳胡须鸡和汶上芦花鸡的垂直传播特性。以惠阳胡须鸡和汶上芦花鸡为素材,43周龄时进行血液与精液ALV病毒分离检测,结合系谱追溯筛选个体组建两个大试验组:阳性惠阳胡须鸡♂×阴性汶上芦花鸡♀;阴性汶上芦花鸡♂×阳性惠阳胡须鸡♀。后代群体隔离饲养,进行1日龄胎粪p27抗原、42日龄泄殖腔拭子p27抗原和病毒分离检测,并对ALV分离检测阳性样本进行PCR扩增、测序和遗传演化分析确定ALV的亚型。结果表明,阳性公鸡后代胎粪p27抗原、泄殖腔拭子p27抗原和血浆病毒分离阳性率显著高于阳性母鸡后代(P<0.05),阳性公、母鸡后代病毒分离阳性率分别为8.54%和0%;阳性公、母鸡S/P值高低与其后代的p27抗原阳性率没有显著相关性(P>0.05);胎粪和棉拭子p27抗原的假阳性率较高,且与病毒分离相比,胎粪p27抗原检测的漏检率为15%;序列分析和遗传演化分析结果表明病毒分离检测阳性个体均为ALV-J。公鸡在地方鸡种惠阳胡须鸡和汶上芦花鸡ALV垂直传播中发挥重要作用,在禽白血病净化过程中要加强对于公鸡感染的监测。

This experiment was conducted to find the vertical transmission rule of avian leukosis virus（ALV）in indigenous chickens.Huiyang chicken and Wenshang Barred chicken were selected as materials,two experimental groups were set up based on virus isolation detection results of plasma and semen at the age of 43 weeks and pedigree analysis：group Ⅰ,male and female parent were ALV-positive Huiyang chicken and ALV-negative Wenshang Barred chicken which was divided into three groups and eight chicken in each group;group Ⅱ,male and female parent were ALV-negative Wenshang Barred chicken and ALV-positive Huiyang chicken.The hybrid offsprings were selected and raised separately,the meconium,cloacal swabs and plasma were collected at 1,42,42 days of age for p27 antigen detection and virus isolation detection.The sub-type of ALV-positive chicken through virus isolation were verified by PCR,sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.The results showed as follows：Positive rates of p27 antigen from meconium,cloacal swabs and virus isolation in offsprings of ALV-negative roosters were significantly higher than those in offsprings of ALV-positive hens（P〈0.05）.The virus isolation rate in offsprings of ALV-negative roosters and ALV-positive hens were 8.54% and 0%,respectively.There was no significant correlation between amount of ALV carried or shed by ALV-positive roosters and hens and positive rate of p27 antigen in their offsprings（P〉0.05）.The false positive rate of p27 antigen from meconium and cloacal swabs was high,and misdetection rate of p27 antigen from meconium was 15% compared to virus isolation.Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that ALV-positive chicken through virus isolation were all ALV-J.This study suggest that roosters would play an important role in vertical transmission of ALV,and it would be necessary to strengthen the surveillance of roosters which were infected with ALV in eradication process of avian leuiosis.