燃料电池混合发电系统等效氢耗瞬时优化能量管理方法

Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Generation System Equivalent Hydrogen Consumption Instantaneous Optimization Energy Management Method

为提高燃料电池混合发电系统效率和改善燃料经济性,提出一种基于双DC/DC拓扑结构的燃料电池混合发电系统等效氢耗瞬时优化能量管理方法。该方法根据等效氢耗理论,在单位控制周期内实时分配燃料电池和锂电池输出功率,使得系统在单位控制周期内等效氢耗最小,并通过将该瞬时等效氢耗优化问题转换为双向DC/DC变换器的最优输出功率求解问题,实现了该方法的工程应用。在搭建的由燃料电池、锂电池、单向DC/DC变换器、双向DC/DC变换器以及能量管理器等组成的混合发电系统测试平台上,利用轨道机车工况开展了多指标性能测试与对比分析。实验结果表明,与状态机控制策略相比,基于等效氢耗瞬时优化的能量管理方法能够有效提高等效氢耗利用率和系统效率,并降低了锂电池运行压力,有效改善了系统燃料经济性和使用寿命。

In order to improve the efficiency of fuel cell hybrid power generation system and improve fuel economy. This paper presented an equivalent hydrogen consumption instantaneous optimized energy management method based on double DC/DC topology for fuel cell hybrid power generation system. The method based on equivalent hydrogen consumption theory, in the unit control cycle time allocates fuel cell and lithium battery output power, which makes the system in the unit control period equivalent hydrogen consumption is minimum. The instantaneous equivalent hydrogen consumption optimization problem was converted to the optimal output power solution of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the engineering application of this method was realized. By means of track operating condition, a multi-index performance test and comparative analysis was carried out on a hybrid power generation system test platform consisting of fuel cell, lithium battery, unidirectional DC/DC converter, bidirectional DC/DC converter. The experimental results show that compared with the control strategy of state machine, equivalent hydrogen consumption instantaneous optimization method can effectively improve the utilization rate of equivalent hydrogen consumption and system efficiency and reduce operating pressure of lithium battery, improve the fuel economy and service life of the system.