生物强化技术在生物质沼气制备过程中的应用及研究进展

Progress in bioaugmentation technology research for biogas production from biomass feedstocks

生物强化技术通过为特定的生物过程"设计"微生物,进而作为一种提升反应系统活力和性能的手段被应用于生物质沼气制备过程,以便加快发酵系统启动时间、增加原料利用率、缩短酸败系统的恢复时间、降低高有机负荷的抑制作用等。本文针对以木质纤维素为原料的沼气制备中的生物强化技术,从生物强化菌剂的构建及标准、生物强化作用的影响因素、生物强化作用机制的探究等几个方面来阐述目前国内外生物强化技术在生物质沼气制备过程中的应用与研究进展,以及存在的问题和解决方案。

Bioaugmentation, the process of adding designed microbial strains or mixed cultures to anaerobic digestion reaction system is a promising technique to increase biogas production yield, accelerate the start-up time of fermentation, enhance the utilization efficiency of raw material, shorten the recovery time of deteriorative system and improve the capacity of the reactor resistant to organic shock loading. Bioaugmentation focuses on taking advantage of functional microorganism for the specific physico-chemical properties of the bioprocess. In this review, research works about microbial breeding, influence factors of bioaugmentation and bioaugmentation mechanism, which carried out on the biogas production process have been summarized. In additional, some strategies that could be used or exploited to improve the success of this approach have also been discussed.