应用微信教育提升化工企业员工职业卫生知识水平的效果评价

Effect evaluation of WeChat intervention on occupational health knowledge of employees in chemical enterprises

[目的]评价微信教育对于提升小型化工企业员工职业卫生知识水平的效果。[方法]选取嘉兴市3家生产工艺、生产条件相近的小型化工企业一线工人69名,通过微信公众号对其进行为期6个月(从2017年3月开始)的职业卫生健康干预,每个月至少4次。干预形式包括:一句话温馨提示、职业卫生健康知识讲座课件、宣传图画、职业卫生健康资讯、职业卫生健康小课堂,比较干预前后职业卫生知信行情况。[结果]干预前职业病防治法知识得分和职业卫生知识得分分别为(5.04±1.32)分和(3.43±1.32)分,干预后分别为(8.42±1.64)分和(7.32±1.67)分,干预前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前职业卫生防治态度和行为得分分别为(3.20±0.81)分和(2.93±0.68)分,干预后分别为(4.25±0.67)分和(4.32±0.78)分,干预前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]基于微信平台的职业卫生健康教育对提高小型化工企业员工的职业卫生知识水平,改善工人职业卫生态度和行为有重要意义。

[ Objective ] To evaluate the effects of WeChat （a popular instant messaging app in China） on promoting occupational health knowledge among employees in small-sized chemical enterprises. [ Methods ] Workers （n=69） exposed to occupational hazards were selected from 3 small-sized chemical enterprises with similar manufacturing techniques and working conditions in Jiaxing City. Designed interventional messages were pushed to the enrolled workers＇ cellphone by a WeChat public account for the 6-month intervention from March 2017 （at least four times a month）, including one sentence of warning reminder, occupational health lecture courseware, posters, occupational health information, occupational health lessons. The levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice on occupational health were compared before and after the intervention. [ Results ] The knowledge scores of the occupational disease prevention law and occupational health in the intervention group were 5.04 ± 1.32 and 3.43 ± 1.32 before the intervention, and 8.42 ± 1.64 and 7.32 ± 1.67 after the intervention, respectively; the before-and-after differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The occupational health attitude and behavior scores were 3.20 ± 0.81 and 2.93 ± 0.68 before the intervention, and 4.25 ± 0.67 and 4.32 ± 0.78 after the intervention, respectively; the before-and-afterdifferences were also statistically significant （P〈O.05）. [Conclusion] In small-sized chemical enterprises, WeChat-based occupational health education is important for improving the level of occupational health knowledge, attitude, and behaviors of workers.