威克利夫与第一部英语《圣经》:文学语境中的考察

John Wyclif and the First English Bible:A Study in the Literary Context

《威克利夫圣经》是英语民族史上第一部英文《圣经》全译本,对英国人的基督宗教信仰和英语语言文学发展有着重大的影响。虽然至今无法弄清威克利夫在实际翻译中具体承担的工作,但是该译本与其本人有着密切的联系。《威克利夫圣经》的诞生不仅是威克利夫学说立场的自然结果,其译文风格也深受该学说的影响。威克利夫的宗教改革思想决定了《威克利夫圣经》必须符合英语的表达习惯,通俗易懂,同时威克利夫本人的作品风格也影响了《威克利夫圣经》后期译本的翻译与修订。

The Wycliffite Bible is the first complete translation of the Bible in English,and has made a great impact on the Christian faith of the Englishmen and the development of English literature. It is certain that the version has a firm relation with Wyclif himself,though there is no evidence showing that Wyclif has taken a concrete work in the real process of translation. The emergence of The Wycliffite Bible is not only the natural result of Wyclif's theory,but also affected deeply in translation style by Wyclif. Firstly,the thought of religious reform determines that The Wycliffite Bible has to meet the English expression,which is easy to understand; secondly,Wyclif's style also affects the translation and revision of the later version.