乌兹别克斯坦拜松市拉巴特墓地2017年发掘简报

The 2017 Excavation to the Rabat Cemetery in Boysun City,Uzbekistan

2017年5～6月,西北大学中亚考古队与乌兹别克斯坦科学院考古研究所选择在拉巴特村北侧、一号墓地的中东部进行发掘,共清理墓葬52座,其中偏洞室墓37座,竖穴土坑墓11座,4座形制不清。葬式多为仰身直肢葬,头向北。随葬器物有陶器、铜器、铁器、石器、玻璃器等。根据墓葬形制、出土器物特征,并对比周边地区同类发现,推测年代为公元前2世纪末期至公元1世纪早期。墓地有着自身的鲜明特点,应该属于大月氏的文化遗存,可以命名为月氏文化。墓地的发掘为大月氏的考古学探索提供了重要材料。

In May and June 2017, the Central Asia Archaeological Team of Northwest University, China and the Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan conducted excavation in the middle and eastern parts of Cemetery No. 1 to the north of Rabat Village. The excavation recovered 52 burials, of which 37 were earthen cave burials with sideway chamber, 11 were vertical earthen shaft pit burials, and four had unidentifiable forms. The burial occupants were mostly in extended supine position heading north, and the grave goods unearthed from these burials included pottery wares, bronzes, iron objects, stone implements, glass wares, etc. The burial structures and artifacts unearthed from these burials all had unique characteristics compared to their counterparts found in the nearby areas, and the date of this cemetery is from the end of the 2nd century BC to the early 1 st century AD. It would be the remains of the Da Yuezhi （Greater Yuezhi） people and could be named as Yuezhi Culture. The excavation of this cemetery provided important data for the archaeological exploration of the Greater Yuezhi people.