重庆市二、三级医院高血压患者清晨血压家庭自测现状调查

Investigation of early morning home blood pressure monitoring in hypertension patients from second and third grade hospitals in Chongqing

目的了解重庆地区高血压患者清晨血压家庭监测现况。方法对2015年2月至2016年3月在重庆市部分二、三级医院就诊的原发性高血压患者采用标准问卷进行调查,并测量诊室血压,分别按照性别、年龄、文化程度、医院等级、是否知晓高血压相关知识及高血压用药进行分组比较,采用SPSS19.0统计软件处理数据。结果共获取有效问卷2 056份,其中家庭自测清晨血压占67.2%(1 381/2 056),家庭自测清晨血压达标例数占比34.4%(475/2 056),诊室血压达标例数占比37.5%(770/2 056)。主城三甲医院家庭自测清晨血压的自测率(75.0%)显著高于区县二甲医院(62.5%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。家庭自测清晨血压的达标率:大专及以上文化程度组(46.0%)显著高于中学及以下文化程度组(33.1%),知晓高血压相关知识组(40.0%)显著高于不知晓组(25.1%),主城三甲医院组(52.9%)显著高于区县二甲医院组(21.1%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对于诊室血压的达标率,家庭自测清晨血压达标组(62.5%)显著高于未达标组(25.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对于家庭自测清晨血压的达标率,诊室血压达标组(59.2%)显著高于未达标组(20.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论就诊医院等级与高血压患者家庭自测清晨血压的自测率相关;是否知晓高血压相关知识、就诊医院等级是影响高血压患者家庭自测血压达标率的重要因素。家庭自测清晨血压达标与诊室血压达标相关。

Objective To investigate the situation of early morning home blood pressure monitoring（HBPM）in hypertension patients in Chongqing. Methods The survey was conducted in patients with essential hypertension from second andthird grade hospitals in Chongqing during February 2015 to March 2016 by using standard questionnaires.Patients′ clinicblood pressure were measured by clinicians.According to gender,age,education level,hospital level,knowledge of hypertensionand medication of hypertension were divided into groups.Data was analyzed by SPSS19.0 software. Results A total of 2 056 questionnaires were obtained,patients of early morning HBPM accounted for 67.2%（1 381/2 056）,patients with standard earlymorning HBPM level accounted for 34.4%（475/2 056）,patients with standard clinic blood pressure level accounted for 37.5%（770/2 056）.The self-test rate of early morning HBPM was higher in the third grade class A hospitals（75.0%）than that in thesecond grade class A hospitals（62.5%）,the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.The control rate of early morningHBPM：junior college or above degree（46.0%）was higher than that secondary education degree or lower（33.1%）,understanding knowledge of hypertension（40.0%）was higher than that unacquaintance（25.1%）,in the third grade class A hospitals（52.9%）was higher than that in the second grade class A hospitals（21.1%）,the differences were statistically significant（P0.05）. The control rate of clinic blood pressure level was higher in patients achieving standard early morning HBPM level（62.5%）than that in patients not achieving（25.4%）,the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.The control rate ofearly morning HBPM level was higher in patients achieving standard clinic blood pressure level（59.2%）than that in patientsnot achieving（20.8%）,the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）. Conclusions Hospital grade relate to the self-testrate of hypertension patients′ early morning HBPM.The knowledge of hypertension and hospital grade are important factors influencing the control rate of hypertension patients′ early morning HBPM.Patients with standard early morning HBPM relate tostandard clinic blood pressure.