玉米配方施肥与最佳施肥量研究

Study on Formula Fertilization and Optimum Fertilizer Application in Maize

合理施肥是保证玉米高产稳产的主要因素,为了探明不同施肥处理对玉米生长和经济性状的影响,以临奥1号为材料,运用"3414"试验方案,在洞庭湖区代表性的红泥土上进行氮、磷、钾三元素配方效应田间试验,开展不同施肥水平对玉米产量影响的研究,探讨玉米产量与氮(N)、磷(P_2O_5)、钾(K2O)施用量之间的相关性。结果表明:不同施肥量对玉米的生长发育及全生育期有明显的影响;但对玉米植株的叶片数、穗节位数、株高等性状无明显的影响。红泥土种植玉米的最佳经济效益施肥量为:N 12.79 kg/667m^2、P_2O_5 4.59 kg/667m^2和K2O 5.38kg/667m^2,最佳经济产量467.2 kg/667m^2。

Reasonable fertilization is the main factor to ensure high and stable yield of maize. In order to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth and economic traits of maize, used Linao No.1 as material, applied ＂3414＂ test scheme, field experiments were conducted on the formula effect of three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on representative red mud soil in Dongting Lake area. The effects of different fertilization levels on maize yield were studied to explore the correlation between maize yield and nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P2O5） and potassium（K2 O） application. The results showed that different amount of fertilization had obvious effects on the growth and development of maize; but there was no significant effect on the number of leaves, panicle number and plant height. The optimum economic benefit of fertilizer application of planting maize in red soil was N 191.85 kg/hm^2, P2O5 68.85 kg/hm2, K2 O 80.7 kg/hm^2, respectively, and the optimum economic yield is 7 008 kg/hm^2.