洞庭湖区沧浪河流域农业面源污染现状调查与分析

Investigation of the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Status in the Canglang River Basin of Hanshou County near Dongting Lake

为了摸清洞庭湖区汉寿县沧浪河流域农业面源污染情况,依据农业面源污染的主要来源,对沧浪河流域水产养殖、畜禽养殖、种植业及农村生活污染的总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和化学需氧量(COD)等农业面源主要污染物排放状况进行了调查与分析。结果表明:区内TN、TP和COD的排放总量分别为243.4、37.9和891.6 t/a;其中,水产养殖的污染排放最为严重,分别占排放总量的60.8%、71.5%和26.6%;其次为畜禽养殖污染和农村生活污染,种植业污染排放相对较轻。因此,沧浪河流域农业面源污染防治应重点开展水产养殖污染治理。

In order to reveal the agricultural non-point source pollution situation in the Canglang River basin of Hanshou County near Dongting Lake, the discharge of major pollutants including total nitrogen（TN）, total phosphorus（TP） and chemical oxygen demand（COD） from different agricultural non-point sources（aquaculture, livestock breeding, farming and rural life pollution） were investigated and analyzed. The results indicated that the total discharges of TN, TP and COD within the investigated area were 243.4, 37.9 and 891.6 t/a respectively; and the pollution from aquaculture is the most serious, accounting for 60.8%, 71.5% and 26.6% respectively, followed by pollutions from livestock breeding and rural life. Pollution from farming is relatively low. Thus, the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in Canglang River basin should pay more attention to aquaculture.