枣庄黑盖猪与引进猪遗传关系分析

Genetic Relationship Analyses between Zaozhuang Heigai Pig and the Imported Breeds

枣庄黑盖猪是存养历史悠久的一个山东地方猪群体,对其遗传多样性、群体结构及其杂交特性缺乏了解。研究针对枣庄黑盖猪核心群体,采用Illumina Porcine SNP55芯片检测全基因组范围内SNP遗传标记,分析枣庄黑盖猪的遗传多样性、群体结构及其与山东省主要引进猪之间的遗传关系。研究结果表明:1)枣庄黑盖猪群体内多样性较高,群体内遗传多样性丰富;2)枣庄黑盖猪与5个引进猪种存在大的遗传分化,枣庄黑盖猪与巴克夏猪群体遗传距离和净遗传距离最大,与长白猪的遗传距离和净遗传距离最小;3)群体结构分析表明,枣庄黑盖猪在系统发生树上单独聚类成一个分支,特征性亚群在群体中所占比例为0.826,故枣庄黑盖猪具有自己独特的遗传特征,是一个受引进猪影响较小的地方猪群体。

Zaozhuang heigai pig is one indigenous pig population centering around Zhaozhuang district, Shandong province. So far, little is known to its genetic diversity, population structure, and hybridization. In this study, based on Illumina PorcineSNP55 BeadChip, we genotyped the genome-wide SNP markers of Zaozhuang heigai pigs and five imported porcine breeds, and analyzed their genetic diversity, population structure, and genetic relationship between Zaozhuang heigai pig and five imported breeds. The results showed that： 1）Zaozhuang heigai pigs had high genetic diversity. 2）There were large evolutionary divergences between Zaozhuang heigai pigs and the imported breeds. Specifically, Zaozhuang heigai pigs had the biggest evolutionary divergence with Berkshire, and the smallest with Landrace. 3）Zaozhuang heigai pigs formed an independent cluster in the phylogenetic tree, and its specific cluster proportion was up to 0.826. Therefore, Zaozhuang heigai pig has its own unique population structure, and is one population influenced small by the imported breeds.