大佛寺煤矿顶板涌水规律及影响因素

Roof water bursting rules and influential factors of Dafosi coal mine

洛河组是大佛寺煤矿煤层开采的主要充水含水层,但在不同区域内的涌水强度存在巨大差异。文中在统计分析不同区域工作面涌水资料的基础上,总结了顶板涌水的规律,并分析了涌水与采厚采宽等生产因素以及含(隔)水层、煤与含水层间距、地质构造等地质因素之间的关系,找出了影响不同区域顶板涌水的关键因素。区内洛河组含水层富水性弱-中等,其厚度决定了该层的整体富水性,是工作面涌水的基本条件,煤层采厚及煤与含水层间距直接影响导水裂隙带在洛河组含水层中的延伸范围,对工作面涌水强度影响很大。通过分析砂泥岩比、结构系数对砂泥岩互层型隔水层隔水性的影响以及区域构造在顶板涌水中的作用,认为隔水层岩性变化减小了有效隔水厚度,而结构的复杂程度对采后导水裂隙发育具有明显影响,地质构造更是从充水水源和导水通道这两方面促进了中厚煤层开采时顶板涌水的发生。研究认为洛河组富水性、开采强度及煤与含水层间距是影响区内4煤层开采过程中顶板涌水的主要因素,隔水层岩性及结构变化、区域构造则在4上煤开采涌水过程中发挥重要作用。

Luohe formation is the main water filling aquifer of coal mining in the Dafosi coal mine,but there are great differences in water inrush intensity in different regions.Based on statistical analysis of water inrush data from different areas,we summed up the rules of the roof water gushing,and analyzed the relationship between water inflow,mining thickness and width and the geological factors such as the aquifer（aquifuge）,coal and aquifer interval,geological structure,thus getting the key factors affecting roof water gushing in different regions.Luohe formation in the area is weak-medium aquifer,its thickness determines the watery of the whole layer,the water yield capacity of Luohe formation is the basic condition for the water bursting in the working face,working thickness and thickness of coal seam with aquifer directly affect the extension of the water flowing fractures in the Luohe formation,with great influence on the intensity of water bursting in working face.The sand-mud interbed impermeable layer impermeability is investigated from two aspects,one is the ratio of sand to mud,the other is the structural coefficient of layer,and the role of geological structure in the roof water gushing is explained,which shows that the change of the lithology of impermeable layer reduces the effective thickness,and complexity of structure has obvious influence on the development of water flowing fracture after harvest,the geological structure promots the occurrence of roof water inrushing during the mining of medium-thickness coal seam from the two aspects of water filling source and water flowing channel.It is believed that the Luohe formation water abundance,mining intensity and spacing between coal and aquifer are the main factors that affect the roof water gushing during the 4 coal seam mining,and the lithology and structural changes of the aquifers and the regional structure play an important role in the water gushing process of the 4 upper coal mining.