烟叶产地与部位对卷烟主流烟气焦油和7种有害成分释放量的影响

Effects of tobacco growing area and plant stalk position on the releases of tar and seven harmful components in mainstream cigarette smoke

为考察国内烟叶产地及烟叶部位对卷烟主流烟气焦油和7种有害成分释放量的影响,选取国内代表性烟叶产区不同部位烟叶样品467个,卷制成单料烟并测试烟气焦油、7种代表性有害成分和烟碱释放量,研究了烟叶产地和部位对卷烟主流烟气焦油、卷烟危害性评价指数(H)、7种代表性有害成分及烟碱释放量的影响。结果表明:(1)烟叶产地对NNK的单位燃烧烟丝质量释放量影响最大,其次为氨、HCN和苯酚等3种成分,对焦油、烟碱、H、B[a]P、巴豆醛、CO等指标影响较小。(2)烟叶产地对氨和NNK的单位烟碱释放量影响最大,其次为HCN、巴豆醛、B[a]P、苯酚和CO等5种成分,对焦油和H影响较小。(3)烟叶部位对氨、烟碱、苯酚、NNK等4种成分的单位燃烧烟丝质量释放量影响显著,对焦油、H、HCN、B[a]P、巴豆醛、CO等指标影响较小。(4)烟叶部位对巴豆醛、CO、NNK、B[a]P和HCN等5种成分的单位烟碱释放量影响显著,对焦油、H、氨和苯酚等指标影响较小。通过调控卷烟配方中烟叶的产地和部位,有助于降低烟气中焦油、7种有害成分的单位燃烧烟丝质量释放量或单位烟碱释放量。

In order to investigate the effects of growing area and stalk position of tobacco leaves on the releases of tar and seven harmful components in mainstream cigarette smoke,467 flue-cured tobacco samples from different stalk positions were collected from representative tobacco planting areas in China.The releases of tar,seven harmful components and nicotine in the mainstream smoke of cigarettes made of single-grade tobacco were determined.The effects of growing area and stalk position of tobacco leaves on the Hazard Index of cigarette smoke and the releases of tar,seven harmful components and nicotine in mainstream cigarette smoke were studied.The results showed that： 1） On per mass unit cut tobacco basis,growing area affected the release of NNK most significantly,followed by the releases of ammonia,HCN and phenol,its influences on tar,Hazard Index,nicotine,B[a]P,crotonaldehyde and CO were less.2） On per unit nicotine basis,growing area influenced the releases of ammonia and NNK most significantly,followed by HCN,crotonaldehyde,B[a]P,phenol and CO,its effects on tar and Hazard Index were less.3） On per mass unit cut tobacco basis,stalk position significantly influenced the releases of ammonia,nicotine,phenol and NNK,and slightly influenced Hazard Index and the releases of tar,HCN,B[a]P,crotonaldehyde and CO.4） On per unit nicotine basis,stalk position significantly affected the releases of crotonaldehyde,CO,NNK,B[a]P and HCN,and slightly influenced Hazard Index and the releases of tar,ammonia and phenol.Adjusting the proportions of leaves from different areas or stalk positions in cigarette blend could reduce the releases of tar and seven harmful components on per mass unit cut tobacco basis or per unit nicotine basis.