诗歌到国歌:《天佑新西兰》的经典成因论析

The Canonization of " God Defend New Zealand" from a Poem to the National Anthem

《天佑新西兰》原系新西兰诗人托马斯·布雷肯于1876年创作的一首文人诗,经历100多年的发展,它逐渐成为一首歌,再进而演变为国歌,成为新西兰文学史上的经典之作。《天佑新西兰》具有多元化的存在样态,它不是经典的诗,也不是经典的曲子,却在文化意义上对新西兰人的国家认同产生了深远影响。《天佑新西兰》荣登经典宝座是文化场域中诸多因素共同激荡的产物,它所表达的爱国情怀、所体现的民族精神与国歌致力于建构理想政治图式的目的十分合拍。此外,长时间的宣传推介和传播接受也助推了《天佑新西兰》的经典化历程。《天佑新西兰》的"走向神坛"之路与新西兰人民族意识的勃兴紧密地联系在一起,它对人们反思何谓"经典"以及"经典"建构背后的推动力量具有一定的启示意义。

＂ God Defend New Zealand＂ was written by the New Zealand poet Thomas Bracken in 1876.In the course of over a century,it has evolved from a poem to a song and then to the national anthem.With current multiple forms, ＂ God Defend New Zealand＂ is neither a classical poem nor a piece of acclaimed music,but it has exerted a profound influence on the national identity of New Zealander.The Canonization of ＂ God Defend New Zealand＂ is the product of many internal and external factors.The patriotism and national spirit in ＂ God Defend New Zealand＂ corresponds with the purpose of the national anthem attempting to build the ideal political paradigm.Besides,a long time of publicity,promotion and dissemination also accelerates its canonical process.The canonization of ＂ God Defend New Zealand＂ is closely intertwined with the awakening of a New Zealand national consciousness,which further stimulates people to reflect on the formation of canon.