“仁心本体”与“体用不二”——以熊十力孟子学诠释为中心

Benevolence Ontology and Essence Function Monism——Centered on Xiong Shili's Mencius Interpretation

熊十力吸纳佛学的法相唯识宗,借鉴西方哲学的本体论、知识论,归宗孟子心学、《易经》,从人的本心、本体和宇宙入手创立了新唯识学体系,然后以此思想体系为框架展开对孟子学的诠释。他认为,孟子的仁心即宇宙万有之源和本体,心体本心就是性,从而在本体论上打通心体、性体。工夫所至即其本体,此"仁心"本体并非外在之物,而是"体用不二"之工夫修养,孟子的操舍存亡、修身立命、反求诸己即"冥悟证会"的工夫次第,并经此工夫修养而达至"万物皆备于我矣"的知天之境。

Xiong Shi-li absorbs Buddhism,learns from epistemology and ontology from western philosophy,and returns to Mencius heart philosophy and ＂ Book of Changes＂.He starts from the original heart mind,metaphysics and universe to form a new mere-consciousness-theory,and with this system as the framework to interpret Mencius study.He believes that Mencius＇ s benevolence is the source and the metaphysics of the universe,the essence of heart is human nature to get through the heart mind,nature from the ontology;while this benevolence is not external things,but essence-function monism.Such cultivation as exploration fate though self-cultivation,search one＇s soul from their own,mystical meditation implicate the meaning of essence-function monism,and moral self-cultivation is the same as metaphysics.Xiong Shili,through the interpretation of Mencius＇ ontology and cultivation,stands upright human being moral subjectivity,and construct the Confucianism metaphysics.