微卫星不稳定性在散发性结直肠癌中的研究现状及展望

Research status and prospects of microsatellite instability in sporadic colorectal cancer

我国结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率分别位居恶性肿瘤的第3和第5位。30年来其发病率年均上升3%~4%,其中散发性结直肠癌约占85%,其病因和发病机制十分复杂,其中微卫星不稳定性(microsatellite instability,MSI)与散发性结直肠癌发生发展、预后以及化疗药物使用密切相关。本文将围绕MSI与散发性结直肠癌的预后、化疗药物相关性及其检测方法进行综述。

In China,the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer ranks third and fifth among malignant tumors,respectively.Its incidence has increased by 3% to 4% annually over the past 30 years,of which sporadic colorectal cancer accounts for about 85%.Its etiology and pathogenesis are very complicated.Microsatellite instability（MSI）is one of the most important pathogenic factors.MSI is closely related to the development and prognosis of sporadic colorectal cancer and the use of chemotherapy drugs.This article will describe the correlation between MSI and the prognosis,chemotherapeutic drugs of sporadic colorectal cancer,as well as MSI detection methods.