补充活性维生素D对促进绝经后女性腰椎术后康复的观察研究

Observational studies of active vitamin D supplements for promoting postoperative lumbar functional rehabilitation in postmenopausal women

目的探讨补充活性维生素D对促进绝经后女性腰椎术后康复的效果观察。方法选取2015年1月至2017年1月在海军军医大学附属长征医院骨科行腰椎后路手术、年龄50～80岁绝经后女性患者120例为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各60例，术后对照组实施传统护理及治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上补充活性维生素D，观察2组在术后1、3、6个月时视觉模拟评分（VAS）、日本骨科协会评估治疗分数（JOA）评分、腰背伸高度的情况，术后6个月时具体比较2组患者术后恢复效果。结果在术后第6个月随访时观察组患者在VAS、JOA评分、腰背伸高度分别为（1．6±0．9）分、（25．8±2．0）分、（25．4±2．6）cm，对照组分别为（2．1±1．1）分、（24．6±1．8）分、（20．7±2．1）cm，2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=-3．10、-3．50、-10．90，均P〈0．01）。结论补充活性维生素D能够改善患者的腰部不适，增强患者腰背肌肌力，改善患者的生命质量，从而获得更佳的康复效果。

Objective To explore the effect of active vitamin D supplements on promoting postoperative lumbar functional rehabilitation in postmenopausal women. Methods From January 2015 to January 2017, selecting 120 postmenopausal women patients who underwent lumbar posterior surgery with age from 50 to 80 years, randomly divided into control group and observation group, control group and observation group suffer traditional nursing and treatment, meanwhile, observation group was supplied with active vitamin D, over a follow-up period of six months, using the Visual Analogue Scale（VAS）score, Japanese Orthopedic Association Scores（JOA）score, back stretch height to assess the effect of active vitamin D supplements. Results Back stretch height of patients in the observation group was （25.4±2.6） cm, which was significantly better than （20.7±2.1） cm of the control group after 6 months （t=-10.90, P〈0.01）; the observation group JOA score and VAS score were significantly better than the control group （JOA score： 25.8±2.0 vs. 24.6±1.8, t=-3.50, P〈0.01; VAS score： 1.6±0.9 vs. 2.1±1.1, t=-3.10, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Active vitamin D supplements can improve the patient＇s waist discomfort, enhance the muscle strength, improve the quality of life, and get better functional rehabilitation.