心理资本在临床护士职业认同与职业倦怠关系中的中介作用

The relationship between professional identification and job burnout in clinical nurses： the mediation effect of psychological capital

目的探讨护士职业认同、心理资本与职业倦怠的相关关系，并分析心理资本在职业认同与职业倦怠之间的中介作用。方法采用一般人口学问卷、职业认同量表、心理资本问卷、职业倦怠量表对潍坊市人民医院148名临床护士进行调查。结果不同年龄段、科室、学历层次、婚姻状况、职称及工作年限的护士职业倦怠水平不同（F=3．82～10．80，均P〈0．05）；职业倦怠与职业认同、心理资本呈显著负相关关系（r=-0．37、-0．34，均P〈0．01）；职业认同显著正向预测心理资本（β=O．73，P〈O．01），心理资本显著负向预测职业倦怠（β=-0．55，P〈0．01），心理资本完全中介职业认同与职业倦怠的关系。结论增加护士职业认同感和提高护士心理资本是降低职业倦怠危险的有效途径。

Objective To understand the relationships between professional identification, psychological capital and job burnout and the mediation effect of psychological capital. Methods A total of 148 clinical nurses in 3A-level hospital in Wei fang City, Shandong hospital were recruited and assessed with general information questionnaire, professional identification scale, Psychological Capital Questionnaire （PCQ）, and Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey （MBI-GS）. Results In the job burnout, differences in age, department, education level, marital status and length of employment reached a statistically significant level （F=3.82-10.80, all P〈0.05）. Job burnout was significantly negatively related to professional identification and psychological capital, respectively （r = -0.37, -0.34, all P〈0.01）. Professional identification positively predicted psychological capital （β=0.73, P〈0.01）, whereas psychological capital negatively predicted job burnout （β=-0.55, P〈0.01）; psychological capital played a mediating role between professional identification and job burnout. Conclusions Professional identification and psychological capital are significant predicting factors of job burnout. Psychological capital fully mediates the relationship between professional identification and job burnout.