不同茎龄野生仙人掌营养及活性成分比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Nutrition and Bioactive Components of Opuntia Dillenii Haw. at Different Stem Age

为更好地开发野生仙人掌,本研究测定并比较了不同茎龄野生仙人掌的水分、总膳食纤维、蛋白质、氨基氮、粗脂肪、灰分、Vc、VB1、部分矿物质及黄酮、多酚、多糖的含量。结果表明:该种属野生仙人掌总膳食纤维、钙、Vc、黄酮、多酚和多糖的含量很丰富;茎龄>5个月仙人掌老茎的蛋白质、氨基氮、总膳食纤维、Na、Zn、Fe、Mn、Pb、As含量均显著高于茎龄为3±1个月的嫩茎,而水分、Vc、黄酮、多酚、多糖类物质则显著低于嫩茎。结果提示野生仙人掌极具开发潜质,但在开发利用过程需考虑其生长周期对营养及活性成分的影响。

In order to better develop and utilize Opuntia dillenii Haw., the contents of moisture, total dietary fiber, protein, amino nitrogen, crude fat, ash, vitamin C, vitamin B1, some minerals, flavones, polyphenols, and polysaccharides in Opuntia dillenii Haw. at different stem ages were measured and compared in this paper. The results showed that the total dietary fiber, Ca, vitamin C, flavones, polyphenols and polysaccharides were abundant in Opuntia dillenii Haw. Meanwhile,the contents of protein,amino nitrogen,total dietary fiber,Na,Zn,Fe,Mn,Pb and As in 5 month old stems were significantly higher than those in 3 ±1 month old stems. However, moisture, Vc, flavones, polyphenols and polysaccharides in the old stems were significantly lower than that in the tender stems. Results suggested that Opuntia dillenii Haw. had great development potentials, but the effect of growth cycle on nutrition and active components should be considered in the process of development and utilization.