基于场畸变开关的Marx高压脉冲电源研制

Development of High Voltage Pulse Marx Supply Based on Field Distortion Switch

针对脉冲电流法破碎核燃料球的研究需要,设计了基于Marx电路的高压直流脉冲电源。采用三电极场畸变开关作为触发开关,开关主电极和圆盘形触发极同轴布置,采用N2气体绝缘,仿真计算结果表明开关在充电和触发时电场最大值区域均匀,有机玻璃罩沿面场强符合绝缘要求。采用7级Marx发生器电路结构,每级由5 kΩ充电电阻,0.14"F高压脉冲电容和一个气体开关构成,触发源采用氢闸流管触发电路。进行了开关自击穿和Marx电路的触发实验,表明开关电感小,场畸变系数大,触发性能可靠。将该高压脉冲电源用于解体目标物质,可获得输出上升时间500 ns、电流峰值9.12 k A、单个脉冲持续时间3.5μs的高压脉冲,符合预期的设计指标。

The article focuses on the design of a high voltage pulse power based on Marx generator, which intensity on PMMA cover satisfies insulation requirement. The Marx generator is composed of 7 stages. Each stage consists of high voltage pulse capacitor, 5 kit resistors, and gas switch, with hydrogen thyratron as the trigger source. Then we did some experiments on self-breakdown voltage of the switch and triggering reliability of the Marx generator. The results show that the switch with low inductance and ideal distort coefficient of electric field works stably. The impulse current is 9. 12 kA in the experiment of disintegrating target material, where the pulses have 500 ns rise time, 3.5 μs pulse width. So the system can meet performance requirements.