近视巩膜生物力学研究进展

Research advances in scleral biomechanics in myopia progression

近视是一种最为常见的具有致盲可能性的眼部疾患,其发病机制目前尚不完全明晰。巩膜可直接决定眼轴的长度,是近视形成的最终效应器。本文以巩膜为切入点,综述近视发生时巩膜组织生物力学性质的变化、相应巩膜组织成分的改变与原因,以及目前临床上针对性的近视治疗方案,展望了该研究领域的发展方向和趋势。

The increased prevalence of myopia and its potentially irreversible vison impairment have caused widespread concern, but the detailed pathogenesis of this disease needs further investigation. Experimental and clinical evidences indicate that excessive ocular elongation associated with myopia is the result of altered scleral shell. This review summarizes the research advances in scleral biomechanics in myopia progression, including biomechanical properties of the sclera in myopic eyes, the related changes and reasons of the composition of the scleral extracellular matrix, and some new clinical treatments. Future research direction and trend in this field areprospected as well.