新建校区会吸引更多更好的学生吗——基于北京高校在津招生数据的实证研究

Would New Campuses Attract More and Better Students:Empirical Evidence from Admission Data of Beijing Colleges in Tianjin

上世纪90年代高等教育扩招以来,我国高校开始频繁地在所在地周边郊区新建校区以满足本科生培养的空间需求。这些新校区一方面给学生提供了全新的设施以方便学生学习,另一方面往往远离主校区和教师住所,因此师生交流不足可能会影响到学生发展。然而,没有足够的实证研究能够说明新建校区对于高校对学生吸引力的影响。本研究使用2002年至2016年间60所北京高校在津招生数据,利用不同高校在不同年份新建校区的外生变动,检验了新建校区对高校招生的影响。研究发现,新建校区显著降低了文史类提前批次考生的报录比,并导致文史类和理工类提前批次录取均分的下降;但它同时使得文史类本科一批次的录取均分上升。

The great expansion of higher education since the late 1990 s in China led to a mushroom of new campuses in the surrounding suburb to accommodate the greater number of undergraduates. These new campuses offer brand-new facilities and may facilitate students＇ study. On the other hand, however, these campuses are often located far away both from the main campuses and from faculties＇ residences. Therefore there is concern that students-faculty interaction may not be sufficient to nurture the growth of undergraduates. Empirical evidence is lacking on whether these new campuses, would reduce or increase the attractiveness of such an undergraduate degree. Using admission data of 60 Beijing colleges and universities in Tianjin Province from 2002 to 2016, this study exploits the reasonably exogenous variation of building new campuses by different colleges over time to examine its impact on the number of applicants to a university and its admission scores. The study finds that the construction of new campuses significantly increases the admission rates of early admission for the track of arts and humanities and significantly decreases overall average scores of early admission for both the arts and humanities track and the science and technology track. There is also positive effect on the regular pool of candidates for the track of arts and humanities. These results survive a number of robustness and specification checks.