北京顺义西瓜病毒病的检测

Detection of Viruses Diseases of Watermelon in Shunyi of Beijing

以北京市顺义地区疑似病毒病症状的西瓜植株上典型的发病叶片和果实为试材,采用反转录PCR(RT-PCR)方法对叶片和果实的4个部位(瓜皮、瓜瓤、果蒂和瓜柄)共5个样品进行病毒检测,以期了解引起西瓜病毒的种类,为西瓜病毒病的防控提供参考。结果表明:在西瓜上共检测到了3种病毒,分别为西瓜花叶病毒2号(watermelon mosaic virus-2,WMV-2)、黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)和小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(zucchini yellow mosaic virus,ZYMV)。从5个样品中均检测到了WMV-2,从瓜皮、瓜瓤和果蒂上检测到了ZYMV,从瓜瓤和果蒂上检测到了CMV。从同一个果实的不同部位检测到了这3种病毒,说明果实中的病毒为复合感染,从叶片和果实中均检测到了WMV-2,说明WMV-2为北京顺义西瓜田间病毒的优势种。

Typical diseased leaf and fruit samples of watermelon with suspected virus-like symptoms from Shunyi,Beijing were used as experimental materials.Virus detection for leaf and four positions of fruits（rind,pulp,pedicel and fruit stem）,was carried out by reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）.The aim was to understand the species infecting watermelon and provide reference for control of watermelon virus diseases.The results showed that three viruses（WMV-2,ZYMV,CMV）were found in total of 11 viruses detected.WMV-2 was found in all of five parts,ZYMV in rind,pulp and fruit stem,CMV in pulp and pedicel.Three viruses were found in different parts of the same fruit.The results indicated that the virus in fruit were mix-infected.WMV-2 was found in leaf and fruit,implying that it was the virus dominant specie in Shunyi region,Beijing.