三种梨小食心虫引诱剂配方的田间筛选

Optimum Ratio and Dose of Different Attractive Sources to Grapholitha molestain the Field

以3类引诱剂(性诱剂、产卵引诱剂以及食物引诱剂)为试材,采用田间筛选的方法,在桃园开展不同比例和剂量的田间诱蛾工作,研究了防治当地梨小食心虫的最佳配方,以期为研发雌雄同诱的梨小食心虫新型引诱剂提供参考依据。结果表明:性引诱剂中各组分的比例对梨小食心虫在发生交配行为前的物种识别起到主要作用,而剂量则主要影响发生交配行为前对潜在交配对象的有效定位,最适性引诱剂的配方为顺-8-十二碳烯醇醋酸酯∶反-8-十二碳烯醇醋酸酯∶顺-8-十二碳烯醇∶十二碳-1-醇=100∶6.8∶19.1∶5.4,524μg剂量。对于产卵引诱剂而言,成虫识别的寄主植物挥发物宽度较大,剂量不能成为识别的限制性因素,成虫更偏爱桃梢挥发物,其次是高浓度的桃果挥发物。最适产卵引诱剂配方为壬醛∶顺-3-己烯醇乙酸酯∶6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮∶(Z)-β-罗勒烯=14∶100∶1∶86,0.201mg剂量。食物引诱剂是一种有潜力的对雌虫进行诱捕的诱源物质,对雌虫的诱捕效果明显强于雄虫,这有可能作用的对象是受孕雌虫。最适性食物引诱剂配方为12滴的乙酸松油酯溶液(24.25mL乙酸松油酯,0.75mL非离子润湿剂和25mL温水),容积为0.6mL。

Three kinds of attractants（sex pheromone,oviposition attractant,food bait）were used as test materials,the optimum formula for controlling local Grapholitha molesta was studied in peach orchard using the method of field screening,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of a new type of attractant of Grapholitha molesta which could induce both male and female.The results showed that,sex pheromone ratio mainly affected species recognition and dose mainly affected positioning of potential mate before mating.The best ratio and dose of sex pheromone was 524μg,（Z-8-12∶Ac）∶（E-8-12∶Ac）∶（Z-8-12∶OH）∶（12∶OH）=100∶6.8∶19.1∶5.4.Adult could distinguish a wide range of host plant volatiles,so dose could not be a limiting factor in recognition.Adults preferred volatiles of peach shoot,followed by high concentrations of peach fruit volatiles.The best ratio and dose of host plant volatiles was 0.201 mg,nonanal∶ Hexenyl acetate∶6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one∶ocimene=14∶100∶1∶86.Food bait had great potential to trap females and the trapping effect was stronger than males.The attracted object might be pregnant females.The best ratio and dose of food bait The best ratio and dose of food bait was 0.6 mL,12 drops of terpinyl acetate solution（24.25 mL of terpinyl acetate with 0.75 mL of nonionic wetting agent and 25 mL of warm water）.