组装与自组装纳米生物传感器的研究

Assembly and Self-assembly NanometreBiosensor

灵敏度和选择性一直是生物传感器领域研究的重点。作为一种信号输出方式,荧光检测因其自身分子级别的高灵敏度而被应用于传感器中。本文利用带负电荷的生物大分子肝素与带有正电荷的小分子表面活性剂CTAB静电结合,形成带有亲水高分子主链和疏水侧链的超分子。该超分子在其临界胶束浓度以上,形成胶束组装体,在给予特定刺激后,诱导其解组装。利用芘在水环境中呈单分子分散状态,荧光很弱,在疏水环境中形成激发二聚体,荧光较强的性质,设计荧光探针。基于以上原理,制作荧光纳米生物传感器,并成功的对Tat(transactivator of transcription反式转录激活因子)蛋白进行了检测。

Sensitivity and selectivity are the main points in the area of biosensors development.The detection of fluorescence has been used in sensors as the way of exporting signals due to its high sensitivity.In this study,we use the disassembly of supermolecules to transform the interactions between the sensors and the related stimulus into fluorescent changing.Then,we get information about the stimulus,such as concentration from the fluorescent signals.When negative charged biomolecules mixed with positive charged surfactants,the electrostatic bonding was formed.Due to the hydrophilicity of the biomolecules and the hydrophobicity of the chain in surfactants,such kind of supermolecules can self-assemble above the CMC.And the introduction of a corresponding stimulus will cause disassembly.Pyrene is a general fluorescent probe.It has low fluorescence in water,which disperses it as isolated molecules.In contract,in hydrophobic environment it has quite high fluorescence for the dimers are formed.Based on the principle as described above,we make fluorescent nano-biosensors to detect Tat(transactivator of transcription) protein.