叶片实度对建筑增强型垂直轴风力机气动性能的影响

Impact of Solidity on Aerodynamic Performance of Building Augmented Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

采用数值模拟的方法对建筑环境中具有不同实度的建筑增强型垂直轴风力机进行模拟。对NACA0021翼型作为叶片截面的三叶片原始直线翼垂直轴风力机周围流场进行数值模拟并与实验值进行比较,且进行了网格无关性验证,验证了计算模型的合理。结果表明：随实度的增加,建筑增强型风力机气动性能与自启动性能得到大幅改善,风力机平均力矩增大,风能利用率最大提升至4.47倍,但其载荷波动也非常剧烈,对结构安全性与可靠性提出更高的要求。实度过小则无法有效地捕获风能;实度过大则叶片之间的干扰增加,最大风能利用率增幅可降低至3.11倍。

The building augmented vertical axis wind turbines with different solidity in built environment were investigated by numerical simulation. The three-straight-blade vertical axis wind turbine with NA- CA0021 airfoil was investigated and compared to experiment. Furthermore, the gird sensitivity study was performed and the reasonability of computational model was verified. It is shown that self-starting perform- ance and aerodynamic performance is significantly improved by increasing solidity. The maximum power coefficient is increased by 4.47 times and the average torque is enhanced. However, the load fluctuation is intense, requiring a higher safety and reliability of structure. When the solidity is too small, the wind tur- bine cannot capture the wind energy effectively. When the solidity is too large, the interaction of blades is increased and the increment of maximum power coefficient is decreased to 3.11 times.