人乳头瘤病毒预防性疫苗的研究进展

Progress in research on human papillomavirus vaccine

宫颈癌是常见的妇科恶性肿瘤,严重威胁着女性健康及生命。在导致女性死亡的原因中,宫颈癌排第2位,世界范围内每年约有493 000例宫颈癌发生,其中273 000例死亡。流行病学数据显示,70%的宫颈癌与16、18两种人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)基因型有关。宫颈癌的发病率很高,且与HPV感染的相关性非常明确,因此大部分HPV疫苗集中在预防宫颈癌上。目前已上市的3种HPV疫苗可有效预防90%与宫颈癌有关的HPV感染。本文对全球市场上HPV疫苗的现状以及未来的发展方向作一综述。

Cervical cancer is a common tumor in gynaecology,which is a serious threat to the health and the second leading cause of death of women. There are about 493 000 cases of cervical cancer each year worldwide,including273 000 deaths. Epidemiological data shows that human papillomavirus（HPV） types 16 and 18 are associated with about 70% of cervical cancer. Because of the high incidence of cervical cancer and significant correlation to HPV infection,most of HPV vaccines focus on the prevention of the disease. At present,three licensed HPV vaccines may prevent 90% of HPV infection associated with cervical cancer. This paper reviews the current status and prospect of commercial HPV vaccines worldwide.