基于景观变化的河口湿地生态环境需水量研究

A Study on Eco-environment Water Demand of Estuary Wetland Based on Landscape Change

为了健全辽宁省凌河口湿地生态建设,利用3S技术,结合湿地景观破碎度,采用生态学的计算方法,对1995-2014年凌河口湿地生态环境需水量进行研究。结果表明:(1)1995-2014年,凌河口湿地生态环境需水量分别为3.59、6.19、5.94、8.02和8.46亿m3;(2)1995-2014年湿地景观破碎度程抛物线状,2005年为本研究时段内景观破碎化最严重的一年;(3)研究时段内的适宜生态环境需水量、多年平均降雨下的最小生态环境需水量以及降雨频率分别为75%和95%对应的最小生态环境需水量分别为7.10、3.87、4.11和4.36亿m3;(4)计算出湿地生态环境逐月需水过程。

In order to improve the ecological construction of Linghekou wetland in Liaoning province,this study uses 3 S technology combining with wetland landscape fragmentation and the ecology calculation method to study Eco-environment water requirement of Linghekou wetland from 1995 to 2014. The results indicate that Eco-environment water requirement of Linghekou wetland from 1995 to 2014 are 3.59×108 m3,6.19×108 m3,5.94×108 m3,8.02×108 m3 and 8.46 × 108 m3,respectively; the landscape fragmentation degree of wetland shows parabola trend,and the worst year for landscape fragmentation in this study period is 2005; the optimum Eco-environment water requirement,the Eco-environment water requirement under the average annual rainfall,the rainfall frequency of 75% and 95% is 7.10×108 m3,3.87×108 m3,4.11×108 m3 and 4.36×108 m3,respectively. In the end,the calculation result of monthly Eco-environment water requirement process is presented.