2004-2016年四川省亚硝酸盐食物中毒情况分析

Analysis on Nitrite Induced Food Poisoning in Sichuan Province From 2004 to 2016

目的分析2004-2016年四川省亚硝酸盐食物中毒事件的发生特点,为预防和控制亚硝酸盐食物中毒事件提供科学依据。方法根据突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统,收集2004-2016年四川省亚硝酸盐食物中毒事件报告资料,对有关亚硝酸盐食物中毒事件的时间分布、地区分布、中毒场所和中毒原因等内容进行分析。结果 2004-2016年,四川省共报告亚硝酸盐食物中毒事件47起,中毒460人,死亡30人;55.32%的亚硝酸盐食物中毒事件发生于家庭;食品加工过程中超量使用、误用亚硝酸盐分别导致了21和20起食物中毒事件,分别占事件总数的44.68%和42.55%。结论家庭是亚硝酸盐食物中毒发生的主要场所,亚硝酸盐超量使用与误用是引起亚硝酸盐食物中毒的主要原因。建议加强对亚硝酸盐相关食品的监管和监测,提高食品从业人员的安全意识与技能,普及亚硝酸盐的相关知识,以防止和减少亚硝酸盐食物中毒的发生。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of nitrite induced food poisoning from 2004 to2016 in Sichuan province to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of nitrite induced food poisoning. Methods According to the data of the public emergency network direct reporting system,the distribution and characteristics of nitrite induced food poisoning in Sichuan from 2004 to 2016 were collected,and temporal distribution,regional distribution,places and causes of nitrite induced food poisoning events were analyzed. Results A total of 47 nitrite induced food poisoning events were reported in Sichuan province from2004 to 2016,leading to 460 cases of poisoning and 40 deaths. 55. 32% of nitrite food poisoning events occurred in families. Overuse and misuse of nitrite in the progress of food processing accounted for 44. 68% and42. 55% of nitrite induced food poisoning events,respectively. Conclusion Family is a place where the nitrite induced food poisoning occur most frequently; overuse and misuse of nitrite in the progress of food processing are the main causes of nitrite induced food poisoning. To prevent and control the nitrite food poisoning,it is advisable to strengthen the supervision and monitoring of nitrite food,intensify the training of food processing employees on using nitrite,and enhance the education to public on nitrite.