2016年北京市顺义区麻疹病原学监测结果分析

Etiological Surveillance of Measles in Shunyi District of Beijing in 2016

目的了解北京市顺义区麻疹流行特征,分析发病情况及病原学特征,为制定有效防控措施提供依据。方法对2016年采集麻疹疑似咽拭子标本采用实时多重荧光PCR方法进行核酸检测鉴定,并对阳性标本进行麻疹病毒培养获得毒株,利用RT-PCR扩增毒株N基因部分序列,扩增产物测序后分析并建进化树进行核苷酸同源性分析。结果 2016年顺义区共采集检测可疑咽拭子标本181例,核酸检测阳性96例,获得毒株12株。基因序列分析表明,2016年顺义区分离麻疹毒株均属于H1a型,12株毒株核苷酸同源性为99.3%~100.0%;结论顺义区2016年病例的优势株为H1a,进一步加强麻疹病例病原学监测,扩大免疫力度,对麻疹病例的控制和预防具有重要意义。

Objective To study the etiological distribution characteristics of measles in Shunyi district of Beijing in2016 and provide scientific evidence for its prevention and control. Methods Throat swab specimens of suspected measles cases were collected in 2016,real-time RT-PCR was applied to detect the nucleic acid of enterovirus,measles virus culture was performed to obtain virus strains,part sequence of N gene of the strains was amplified by RT-PCR and,following sequencing,homogeneity of measles isolated virus was analyzed.Results A total of 181 cases were collected,the positive number of total measles virus was 96,and 12 strains were obtained. The results of the sequencing showed that the subgenotype of measles virus was H1 a; the nucleotide homogeneity of these virus was 99. 3%-100. 0%. Conclusion H1 a was the main subgenotype in2016 in Shunyi district. Surveillance of the disease should be enhanced,and immunization should be expanded to control and prevent measles.