负载铬的硅基催化剂研究进展

Advances in Silica-based Supported Chromium Catalysts

负载铬的硅基催化剂具有良好的氧化还原性、较大的比表面积以及较好的催化性能,并且可以应用于不同的工业反应,近年来受到人们的广泛关注。文章阐述了负载铬的硅基催化剂的在煅烧前后存在的2种不同结构;讨论了不同载体类型、制备方法、负载量、添加助剂对负载铬的硅基催化剂分散性的影响,不同煅烧温度、水热处理和前驱体对负载铬的硅基催化剂氧化态的影响;总结了不同反应体系中活性位铬的氧化态。此外,对于不同的催化反应,选择适当氧化态的Cr离子,制备使活性组分能够高度分散在载体之上的催化剂仍需进一步探究。

In recent years,silicon-based supported chromium catalysts,which has good redox,high specific surface area and better catalytic activity,has been widespread concerned,and applied to different industrial reactions.Two different structures of silica-based supported chromium before and after the calcination were described.The effects of different supports types,preparation methods,chromium loading and introducing additives on the dispersion of silica-based supported chromium catalysts were discussed.The effects of different hydrothermal treatment,calcination temperature and precursors on the oxidation state of silica-based supported chromium catalysts were discussed.Different reaction systems with chromium oxidation states as active sites was also summarized.It is suggested that the silica-based supported chromium catalysts with highly Cr active sites dispersion should be prepared for different reactions,and the oxidation state and structure of the active sites also needs to be further explored.