脂质体天然高分子水凝胶给药系统的研究进展

Research Progress in Liposome-in-natural Polymer Hydrogel Drug Delivery Systems

水凝胶是一种亲水性三维空间网络结构,与合成高聚物相比,天然高分子材料如壳聚糖、透明质酸、海藻酸钠等具有良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性,更适宜用作水凝胶基质。脂质体是一种由脂质双分子层形成的球形囊泡,脂质体水凝胶给药系统不仅可发挥脂质体缓控释、刺激响应性释放药物的特点,而且水凝胶屏障可提高脂质体的稳定性,药物可通过口服、注射、局部透皮等多种给药途径进入体内发挥药效,广泛用于药物传递系统和组织工程。综述多种以天然高分子材料为凝胶骨架,且其内含有载药脂质体、类脂囊泡等的水凝胶系统研究进展,对开发新型缓控释制剂、提高水溶性药物透皮吸收和生物利用度、研究智能刺激响应性给药系统等方面具有重要参考价值。

Hydrogel is a hydrophilic three-dimensional network. Compared with synthetic polymers, natural polymers such as chitosan, hyaluronic acid, sodium alginate are biocompatible and biodegradable and are more suitable as hydrogel matrices. Liposomes are vesicles formed by a lipid bilayer. Liposome-in-hydrogel drug delivery systems not only maintain the characteristics of liposomes in providing sustained, controlled and stimuli-responsive drug release but also improve the stability of liposome by the hydrogel barrier. These systems can be designed for oral administration, injection and local transdermal administration, with wide application in drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. This review covers a variety of hydrogel systems made of natural polymer materials that contain drug-loaded liposomes, niosomes and so on, which is valuable for developing novel sustained and controlled release formulations, improving permeability and bioavailability of water-soluble drugs, and researching intelligent stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems.