山东省某市社区老年人社会支持及影响因素

Investigation and analysis of the old social support status of city community in Shandong province based on the holistic health concept

目的探讨某市社区老年人社会支持的影响因素。方法采用问卷调查法对社区老年人进行面对面调查,问卷分为老年人基本情况和社会支持评定量表两部分,调查城市社区老年人的社会支持水平,分析影响因素。结果社区老年人的社会支持总分(百分制得分)为55.00,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、年收入情况、配偶情况、居住情况及健身情况的老年人的社会支持水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。文化程度、配偶情况、居住情况、年收入情况、健身情况是社区老年人社会支持水平的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论城市社区老年人的社会支持水平不容乐观,应建立系统化的干预措施,改善医疗保障体系和福利政策,提高老年人的经济水平,提供必要的物质帮助,开展精神慰藉服务,提供精神支持,提高老年人的社会支持水平。

Objective To study the status of social support for the elderly in urban communities,to analyze the influencing factors of social support for the elderly in the community,and to find out the problems,so as to provide the basis for the establishment of a sound social support system.Methods The elderly were interviewed by questionnaires,which were divided into the basic situation of the elderly and the social support rating scale,to investigate city community elderly social support level and influencing factors. Results The total score of social support of elderly people in community was 55.00.There were significant differences in social support among the elderly of different genders,ages,educational levels,annual income levels,spouse conditions,living conditions and fitness status（ P0.05）.The main factors affecting the level of social support of the elderly in the community were educational level,spouse,living conditions,annual income and fitness（ P0.05）.Conclusions The city community elderly social support level is not optimistic,systematic intervention measures should be established to improve medical security system and welfare policy,to improve old people＇s economic level,provide the necessary material assistance to carry out mental comfort services,provide spiritual support,improve old people＇s level of social support and the sense of happiness.