妙解盐水——高中创意电解实验设计

Smart Design of Electrolysis Experiments with Salt Water in Senior High School

针对化学课堂氯碱工业电解演示实验的不足,以身边的粉笔、化妆棉等材料作载体吸收食盐水,以铁钉、铝箔、铅笔芯作电极,设计了系列反应快速、现象明显、污染极小的微型电解实验,并探讨了相关原理。创新性地将6B铅笔涂画于试纸上制成"隐形"电极,通过纸上电解绘出漂亮"化学"猫。通过食盐水电解巧制矿泉水瓶消毒液发生器,6V电压下电解40min后碘量法测得消毒液有效氯含量为722mg/L,符合家庭和医院消毒标准。

A series of smart microscale electrolysis experiments were designed with fast reaction rate, clear phenomena and less pollution. Common materials such as chalk, test paper and cotton pad were used to absorb salt water as electrolysis cells, while iron nail, aluminum foil and pencil lead were used as electrodes. An ＇invisible＇ and planar carbon electrode was made by 6B pencil drawing, and a beautiful chemical ＇cat＇ was created by electrolysis on test paper. A sterilizer was designed using a plastic bottle by which hypochlorite could be produced in-situ through electrolysis of salt water. The content of active chlorine in produced hypochlorite disinfectant was 722 mg/L by iodimetry determination.