Halliday意义上隐喻式关系小句的意象图式基础

The image schematic basis of metaphorical relational clauses in Halliday's sense

Halliday意义上的隐喻式关系小句指在通常由非关系过程如物质、心理等表征的经验却实际上由关系过程来表征时所产生的一类隐喻式小句。通过考察BNC语料库,本文发现:隐喻式关系小句可分为"环境型"和"所有型"两类,隐藏在这两类小句背后的是"容器"和"所有"经验分别形成的"容器"和"所有"两个意象图式。本文在功能语言学的理论框架内系统描写隐喻式关系小句,并在此基础上从认知语言学视角尝试探讨说话者选择隐喻式而放弃与其对应的一致式识解经验的动因,即将蕴藏在"容器"和"所有"意象图式背后的某些语义特征强加给要表征的经验事件。

Metaphorical relational clauses in Halliday's sense are clauses produced when experiences prototypically represented by non-relational processes, such as material and mental, are actually represented by relational process. By investigating metaphorical relational clauses in BNC, two types of metaphorical relational clauses are identified: circumstantial and possessive, and behind them there lie "CONTAINMENT" and "POSSESSION" image schemas respectively. Within the theoretical framework of SFL, the paper makes a systematic description of the metaphorical relational clauses. On the basis of the description, the paper attempts to explore the speaker's motivations for choosing a metaphorical relational clause rather than its congruent counterpart. From a cognitive perspective, choosing a metaphorical mode is to impose certain semantic features entailed in the "CONTAINMENT" and "POSSESSION" image schemas on the event being represented.