抑制控制能力及其训练对低熟练汉英双语者语言切换代价的影响

The effect of inhibitory control ability training on bilinguals' language switching

本项研究选取一般抑制控制能力高/低的两组低熟练汉英双语者,通过两个实验考察了一般抑制控制能力对于汉英双语者语言切换代价的影响。实验1发现高抑制控制能力的低熟练双语者的反应时要短于低抑制控制能力的低熟练双语者,并且后者表现出更大的语言切换代价。实验2对低熟练双语者的一般抑制控制能力进行训练后发现,汉英低熟练双语者的语言切换代价变小,并且表现出与高熟练双语者类似的对称性切换代价;一般抑制控制能力的训练成果会迁移到语言切换中,影响双语者的语言切换代价。

With low-proficient Chinese-English learners who were divided into high and low inhibitory control ability groups, the study conducted two experiments to examine the effect of inhibitory control ability and its training on language switching. The results of Experiment 1 indicated that the low-proficient learners with high inhibitory control ability showed a shorter reaction time than those with low inhibitory control ability and higher switching costs were found in the latter group than the former group. Experiment 2 found that after receiving the training of the inhibitory controlability, learners showed smaller language switching costs and a symmetrical switching cost similar to the high-proficient learners. Therefore, the results of the inhibitory control ability training could be transferred to the language switching and affected language switching costs.